Implication of globalisation on social policy Essay

It is now difficult to read a newspaper or a book, watch the television, surf the Inter win, or participate in a demonstration without coming across references to how sphericization is affecting our lives. One of the of the essence(p) ch ei at that placenges facing some(prenominal) create and transitional economies is balancing the benefits of globalisation with the risks and costs. harmonize to Sheila L (2004) Globalization squeeze out be described as a process by which the people of the valet de chambre argon unified into a single society. This process is a combination of frugal, technological, sociocultural and governmental forces globalisation is a complex phenomenon, with economic, political and cultural dimensions.At the centre ar economic pressures stemming from trade liberalization and increase international competition goaded by technological change and growth of the knowledge economy. except political globalisation as reflected in regional groupings, American pow er, and the influence of global institutions such as the OECD and the IMF may excessively compromise the self-determination of undivided countries. According to Giddens (2001) there are also powerful influences that stem from a cultural globalisation of ideas and values. Thus the process of globalisation results in the ventilation and transfusion of ideas that attain significant global mixer policy currency. idiosyncratic countries can both contribute to and be influenced by this process . cause of globalizationGlobalization has variety of effects, that are influencing almost every aspect of life, existence, as well as economic, industrial, financial, companionable area. Increase of globalization can be seen on Table1. In most of the countries given in example, that rate doubled or, as in case of Czech Re macrocosm, even tripled.Basing on Wikipedia division, I would like to highlight economic effect of globalization, that seen in sociological context, increased economic ine quality doneout the world and within the unite States. Globalization since 1980 has also raised the inequality between nations and peoples, and cemented the polarization of the world into rich and poor nations. Increased competition that induces changes in production in an economy will lead to best(p) allocation of resources, great ability and productivity. However, even if there is net benefit from globalization for the whole economy, approximately groups and sectors will lose. The net benefits are not shared equally amongst the community and globalization can increase inequities to the extent that certain groups, sectors or regions, are able to participate and grow much faster than other groups, sectors or regions within a country. Therefore, whilst the benefits of globalization are by and large accepted, the jury is palliate out on assessing the social impact arising from globalization and more significantly how to best manage the risks and costs in order to maximize the net benefit for all perplexityed.Impact of globalization on social policiesNowadays all countries are exposed to economic pressures from globalization that has had implications for social policy. Chart 1 show how Social Globalization has developed over time heedful by the average of the individual country indices.There are legion(predicate) arguments regarding how globalization aggravates social problems, age at the same time enervating arouses ability to address them. Expansion of globalization, and the preoccupation with pedigree interests and national economic competitiveness inherent to it, is said to erode democracy itself by depriving voters the chance to get their governments to provide social protection. Thus, globalization both increases market-based inequalities through increased labor-market inequality and also places pressure on the capacity of governments to ameliorate them throughtax policy and transfer payments and services.They start out also employed great er targeting of benefits and encouraged the expansion of private insurance against labor market risks. wellness and other social service programmers have been subject to budget caps, user co-payments, internal markets and other efficiency-oriented reforms. Continuing high levels of social expenditure and hefty differences in levels of poverty and inequality provide support for this view and dispute the idea of an inevitable globalization-induced race to the bottom in social spending. But as data from Table 2 suggests us, although expenditure patterns over late years have been broadly convergent, the trend is not, in fact, towards the bottom, but towards generally higher levels of spending and a greater salience of welfare state objectives.Although in some continental countries, like Denmark, Netherlands, Italy etc. rose entirely modestly, or even decrease. In U.K and USA increase of Gini Coefficient remains as the highest, close to 8%. According to IMF trends in income inequali ty across groundbreaking economies have been quite assorted. In the United States, which started out with a comparatively high degree of income inequality, it has increased even further. However, other countries with initially menial levels of income inequality, including Denmark, France and the Netherlands, saw some further decline.The impact of globalization on social policy can be seen in both developed and developing countries. Globalization at itself suggest that transnationalisation of production exerts pressure on states to trim down the burden of taxes and regulations on firms. While this reduces financial and compliance burden on firms, it also erodes the states fiscal and organizational capacity to maintain the welfare state. Second, it is argued that noble welfarebenefits stifle work incentives which gradually undermine an economys international competitiveness. Governments are, as a result, obliged to keep benefits in fit in and preferably reduced in order to maint ain international competitiveness. Third, concern for the investors sentiments leads governments to focus on balance of payment, inflation and fiscal prudence because governments that do not sufficiently address these concerns find their nations shunned by business, which dampens economic growth, which in turn undermines voters support for the government.As a result, governments can no eight-day boost their economy through expansionary social and economic investment measures and mustiness instead rely on promotion of international trade and investment, which serves the interests of business more than the society at large. Globalization enters the ways in which the subject matter of social policy and the distribution of welfare are shaped by governmental and nongovernmental organizations responding not only to domestic issues and sources of pressure but also to circumstances, events, and developments in other countries the policies of foreign governments, international organizatio ns, and financial institutions and the decisions and activities of overseas headquarters.In essence, then, globalization draws attention to the ways in which societies, economies, and polities including labor markets and welfare systems of different countries are entangled in one another. All this is effecting in impenetrable social and labor standards, as well as shifting public services (like heath-care and education), to privatization and existence on global market. Thats why issues with which social policy is concerned to the level of supranational institutions, agencies, and forums, both world-regional (e.g. EU) and global (WB etc) are raised.ConclusionIn my assignment I examined the interconnections between globalization and social policy. I have seen that globalization is a complex process, and that globalization studies displays a range of theoretical, ideological, and political perspectives. Summing up influence of globalization is taking different directions, what is mo stly depended by the stage of development and character of country. Social problems ranging from famine to floods, from pollution to poverty, and from unpolished depopulation to urban overcrowding are commonly cited examples of the many invidious effectsof globalization on social welfare. Conversely, globalization is trumpeted as being central to many developmental successes, such as poverty reduction, increasing economic prosperity, better services, and enhanced concern with pitying rights. Even those who are skeptical of the benefits globalization has brought so far may point to the ways in which it has the authority to transform political, economic, and social relations within and between countries to the benefit of human welfare worldwide.Globalization brings new potentials for development and wealth creation. But there are divergent views and perceptions among people as concerns its economic and social impact, and indeed widely varying impacts on the interests and opportuni ties of different sectors and economic and social actors. almost argue that the present model of globalization has increased problems of unemployment, inequality and poverty, while others contend that globalization helps to reduce them. In my opinion, these problems predated globalization, but it is clear that for globalization to be politically and economically sustainable, it must contribute to their reduction. Hence the future day goal of a globalization is meeting needs of all people.ReferencesEdwards, R. 2000. globalisation and Pedagogy Space, Place and Identity. London, UK RoutledgeFalmer,Giddens, A. 2001. Introduction in The Global Third steering Debate, Cambridge.Hill M., 2006. Social Policy in the Modern World, Blackwell PublishingJackson A. Globalization and forward-moving social policySheila L. Croucher. 2004. Globalization and Belonging The Politics of Identity in a Changing World. Rowman & Littlefield. p.10http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalizationhttp//globalizati on.kof.ethz.ch/static/pdf/press_release_2008_en.pdfhttp//www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2007/wp07169.pdfhttp//stats.oecd.org/wbos/default.aspx?DatasetCode=SNA_TABLE11http//www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2007/wp07169.pdf